Rib and Sternum anomalies , G1.14 ,Anatomy, Thorax, Bony Thorax and Joints

Rib and Sternum anomalies , G1.14 ,Anatomy, Thorax, Bony Thorax and Joints

1. Cervical Ribs - Enlarged costal element of the 7th cervical vertebra. Pressure on the Inferior root of the Brachial Plexus can produce sensory and motor changes of the Ulnar Nerve
2. Bifid Ribs -
3. Bicipital Ribs - fusion of the 1st 2 ribs
4. Sternal Foramen 
5. Ossification of the Sternum - from inferior to superior - 
1. 3 to 4th Body of sternum - 7y - , 
2. 2nd Body of sternum - 14y and 
3. 1st Body of sternum - 21 years.

Ligaments of Costovertebral articulations, G1.13 ,Anatomy, Thorax, Bony Thorax and Joints

Ligaments of Costovertebral articulations, G1.13 ,Anatomy, Thorax, Bony Thorax and Joints

1. Radiate Ligament of the Head of the Rib to the two vertebral bodies and the interposing vertebral disc:
1. Cosotrasverse joints rotate increasing AP diameter (Rib 1 to 7) and Ribs  8 to 10 Glide increasing Transverse appature 
2. Superior costotransverse Ligament joins the transverse process of the vertebra to the crest of the neck of the rib
3. Intra-articular Ligament joining the crest of the head of the rib to the intervertebral disc

Note the Anterior Longitudinal Ligament

Costovertebral articulations, G1.12 ,Anatomy, Thorax, Bony Thorax and Joints

Costovertebral articulations, G1.12 ,Anatomy, Thorax, Bony Thorax and Joints:

1. Joints of the head of the Rib
1. Superior costal facet (smaller)  and Inferior Costal Facet (Larger) of the Vertebra - for articulation with the head of ribs.
2. The crest on the head of the rib separate the superior and inferior articular costal facets
2. Costotransverse Joint
1. Transverse costal facet for the tubercle of the corresponding rib
3. Movement: 
1. 1 to 7 Ribs rotate at the costotransverse joints increasing the AP diameter
2. 8, 9 and 10th Ribs glide increasing the transverse diameter of the upper abdomen

Ribs, G1.11 ,Anatomy, Thorax, Bony Thorax and Joints

Ribs, G1.11 ,Anatomy, Thorax, Bony Thorax and Joints

The head of a Rib is posterior.
2nd rib - Turbercle for serratus anterior. Middle scalene attachment not shown.

Sternum and associated joints, G1.10 ,Anatomy, Thorax, Bony Thorax and Joints

Sternum and associated joints, G1.10 ,Anatomy, Thorax, Bony Thorax and Joints:

1. Anterior: The clavicular notch is above the 1st costal cartilage

Ligaments

1. Anterior sternoclavicular Ligament
1. Articular cavities of the sternoclavicular joint, below the joint capsule
2. Interclavicular Ligament
3. Costoclavicular ligament
4. Costosternal attachements:
1. Intraarticular ligament
2. Anterior sternocostal radiate ligaments
3. Anterior Costoxiphoid ligaments
5. Intercondral ligament
6. Intercondral joint 

Bony Thorax, G1.9 ,Anatomy, Thorax, Bony Thorax and Joints

Bony Thorax, G1.9 ,Anatomy, Thorax, Bony Thorax and Joints:

1. Boarders of the thoracic inlet
2. Posteriorly: Ribs angle inferiorly
3. Anteriorly: 3 to 10 costal cartilages angle superiorly

Suspended Scapula from the Clavicle crosses ribs 2 to 7 posteriorly

Bony Thorax, G1.9 ,Anatomy, Thorax, Bony Thorax and Joints

Bony Thorax, G1.9 ,Anatomy, Thorax, Bony Thorax and Joints

1. True Ribs - Superior 7 Ribs articulate with the Sternum, 
2. 8 to 10 articulate with the cartilage above and 
3. 11 and 12 are floating ribs 
4. Costal Arch or Costal Margin
5. Infrasternal angle

Rib number is above the Vertebra number - Rib 12 above 12th Thoracic vertebra