Anatomy: Shoulder and Axilla, Pectoral, Clavipectoral, and Axillary Fasciae

Shoulder and Axilla, Pectoral, Clavipectoral, and Axillary Fasciae, 416
Anterior view

1. Costocorocoid membrane 
2. Suspensory Ligament of the axilla
3. Brachial Fascia covering the coracobrachialis and biceps brachii muscles

1. The Axilla
1. A Space, pyramidal in shape, between the arm and the thoracic wall
2. Boundaries:
1. Apex: directed upward and medialward, ending in the cervicoaxillary canal, which leads into the posterior triangle of the neck
2. Base: formed by the axillary fascia and skin
3. Anterior Wall: pectoralis major and minor muscles, clavipectorial fascia
4. Posterior Wall:  subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi muscles
5. Medial Wall: first 4 ribs and intercostal muscles, upper part of serratus anterior muscle
6. Lateral Wall: humerus, coracobrachialis and biceps muscle
3. Contents
1. Axillary vessels and their branches
2. Brachial plexus and its branches
3. Lymph nodes, embedded in fat
2. The Fascia
1. Axillary. 
2. Clavipectorial.
1. Costocoracoid ligament
2. Coracoclavicular fascia
3. Axillary Sheath.

Oblique parasagittal section of the axilla

The most significant observations:

1. Relation of the Brachial Plexus and its Lateral, Posterior and Medial Cords to the Axillary Artery
2. Relation of the Central and Anterior Pectoral Lymph nodes
3. The Lateral and Medial Pectoral Nerves
4. The Arch formed Anteriorly by Trapezius Muscle, Omohyoid Muscle, Clavicle, Subclavius Muscle and Fascia, Costocoracoid Membrane, Pectoralis minor muscle and fascia, Suspensory  ligament of the axilla and the axillary fascia that is fenestrated